As You Like It: Act 2, Scene 7
[A picnic laid out.] Enter DUKE SENIOR, AMIENS, and Lords like outlaws.
DUKE SENIOR
1 I think he be transform'd into a beast;2. like: in the form of.
2 For I can no where find him like a man. First Lord
3 My lord, he is but even now gone hence: 4 Here was he merry, hearing of a song. DUKE SENIOR
5. compact of jars: composed entirely of discords.
5 If he, compact of jars, grow musical, 6 We shall have shortly discord in the spheres. 7 Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.
Enter JAQUES.
First Lord
8 He saves my labour by his own approach. DUKE SENIOR
9 Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, 10 That your poor friends must woo your company? 11 What, you look merrily! JAQUES
12 A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest,17. In good set terms: i.e., intelligently, in a logical manner.
19. 'Call . . . fortune': An allusion to the proverb "Fortune favors fools."
13 A motley fool; a miserable world! 14 As I do live by food, I met a fool 15 Who laid him down and bask'd him in the sun, 16 And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, 17 In good set terms and yet a motley fool. 18 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 19 'Call me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' 20 And then he drew a dial from his poke, 21 And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, 22 Says very wisely, 'It is ten o'clock: 23 Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 24 'Tis but an hour ago since it was nine, 25 And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; 26 And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, 27 And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot; 28 And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear29. moral: moralize.
29 The motley fool thus moral on the time,30. crow: i.e., laugh loudly. chanticleer: a cock.
31. deep-contemplative: profoundly thoughtful.
32. sans: without.
31. deep-contemplative: profoundly thoughtful.
32. sans: without.
30 My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, 31 That fools should be so deep-contemplative, 32 And I did laugh sans intermission 33 An hour by his dial. O noble fool!34. wear: costume.
34 A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear. DUKE SENIOR
35 What fool is this? JAQUES
36 O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, 37 And says, if ladies be but young and fair, 38 They have the gift to know it: and in his brain,39. dry: Dryness of the brain was supposedly connected with good memory. remainder biscuit: leftover hardtack . . . 41. observation: i.e., reflections, opinions, insights, etc. vents: utters.
39 Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit 40 After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd 41 With observation, the which he vents 42 In mangled forms. O that I were a fool! 43 I am ambitious for a motley coat. DUKE SENIOR
44 Thou shalt have one. JAQUES
44. It is my only suit: (1) It's all I'm asking for. (2) It's the only suit of clothes I want to wear.
44 It is my only suit; 45 Provided that you weed your better judgments46. grows rank: grows thick (like weeds).
46 Of all opinion that grows rank in them 47 That I am wise. I must have liberty48. Withal: also. charter: privilege, license.
48 Withal, as large a charter as the wind, 49 To blow on whom I please; for so fools have;50. galled: rubbed on a sensitive spot.
50 And they that are most galled with my folly, 51 They most must laugh. And why, sir, must they so? 52 The 'why' is plain as way to parish church:53. He that a fool doth very wisely hit: he that is wittily and accurately attacked by a fool. 54. Doth: acts. he smart: he feels sharp pain. 55. senseless of: insensible to. bob: jibe, taunt. 56. The wise . . . anatomized: i.e., the supposedly wise man's foolishness is laid bare. 57. squand'ring glances: random light witty hits. 58. Invest me in my motley: i.e., grant me the official garb and status of a jester.
53 He that a fool doth very wisely hit 54 Doth very foolishly, although he smart, 55 Not to seem senseless of the bob: if not, 56 The wise man's folly is anatomized 57 Even by the squand'ring glances of the fool. 58 Invest me in my motley; give me leave 59 To speak my mind, and I will through and through 60 Cleanse the foul body of the infected world, 61 If they will patiently receive my medicine. DUKE SENIOR
62 Fie on thee! I can tell what thou wouldst do. JAQUES
63. What, for a counter, would I do but good?: i.e., I bet you can't name a single thing I might do that wouldn't be good. A counter was a token . . .
63 What, for a counter, would I do but good? DUKE SENIOR
64 Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: 65 For thou thyself hast been a libertine,66. brutish sting: beastly lust.
66 As sensual as the brutish sting itself;67. embossed: swollen. headed evils: sores that have festered to heads that are ready to burst open. 68. license . . . foot: i.e., the freedom to live the loose life of a libertine. 69. the general world: i.e., the people of the world in general.
67 And all the embossed sores and headed evils, 68 That thou with license of free foot hast caught, 69 Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world. JAQUES
70-71. who cries out on pride, / That can therein tax any private party?: i.e., who criticizes the vice of pride that can therefore be accused of attacking . . . 72-73. Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea, / Till that the weary very means do ebb: "Isn't it true that pride surges along as strongly as the sea . . . 75. city-woman: In Shakespeare's time (as now) city women are criticized for what is considered to be the extravagant cost of keeping up with fashion.
70 Why, who cries out on pride, 71 That can therein tax any private party? 72 Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea, 73 Till that the weary very means do ebb? 74 What woman in the city do I name, 75 When that I say the city-woman bears 76 The cost of princes on unworthy shoulders? 77 Who can come in and say that I mean her, 78 When such a one as she such is her neighbour?79. he of basest function: i.e., a low-down punk.
79 Or what is he of basest function80. bravery: splendid dress. on my cost: at my expense. 81. therein suits / His folly to the mettle of my speech: i.e., therein [by saying that his clothes didn't cost me anything] foolishly shows that my criticism of him is correct.
80 That says his bravery is not of my cost, 81 Thinking that I mean him, but therein suits 82 His folly to the mettle of my speech? 83 There then; how then? what then? Let me see wherein84. if it do him right: i.e., if my criticism of him is correct. 85. be free: be free of blame; innocent.
86. taxing: criticism; satire.
86. taxing: criticism; satire.
84 My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him right, 85 Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, 86 Why then my taxing like a wild-goose flies, 87 Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?
Enter ORLANDO [with his sword drawn].
ORLANDO
88 Forbear, and eat no more. JAQUES
88 Why, I have eat none yet. ORLANDO
89 Nor shalt not, till necessity be served. JAQUES
90 Of what kind should this cock come of? DUKE SENIOR
91 Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, 92 Or else a rude despiser of good manners, 93 That in civility thou seem'st so empty? ORLANDO
94. You touch'd my vein at first:
i.e., you hit upon the truth about me in the first thing you said.
94 You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point 95 Of bare distress hath ta'en from me the show96. smooth: mild. inland bred: i.e., raised inland (where people are civilized), not in the rude hinterlands. 97. nurture: education, good training.
96 Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred 97 And know some nurture. But forbear, I say: 98 He dies that touches any of this fruit99. Till I and my affairs are answered: i.e., until I have gotten what I came for. Orlando's "affairs" are his efforts to obtain food and shelter for Adam and himself.
99 Till I and my affairs are answered. JAQUES
100. An: if.
100 An you will not be answered with reason,101 I must die. DUKE SENIOR
102-103. Your gentleness shall force / More than your force move us to gentleness: i.e., Your civilized qualities will do much more than your sword to obtain a civilized answer from us.
102 What would you have? Your gentleness shall force103 More than your force move us to gentleness. ORLANDO
104 I almost die for food; and let me have it. DUKE SENIOR
105. welcome to our table: This scene sometimes starts with the Duke's men bringing in a table, but "welcome to our table" may just be a conventional phrase for "welcome to our company and our meal."
105 Sit down and feed, and welcome to our table. ORLANDO
106 Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you:107 I thought that all things had been savage here;108 And therefore put I on the countenance109 Of stern commandment. But whate'er you are110. desert inaccessible: remote wilderness.
110 That in this desert inaccessible,111 Under the shade of melancholy boughs,112 Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time113 If ever you have look'd on better days,114. knoll'd: rung.
114 If ever been where bells have knoll'd to church,115 If ever sat at any good man's feast,116 If ever from your eyelids wiped a tear117 And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied,118. Let gentleness my strong enforcement be: i.e., let civilized feelings be my only 119. I blush: Orlando is expressing shame that he thought these civilized people to be savages. hide my sword: i.e., put my sword in its scabbard.
118 Let gentleness my strong enforcement be:119 In the which hope I blush, and hide my sword. DUKE SENIOR
120 True is it that we have seen better days,121 And have with holy bell been knoll'd to church122 And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes123 Of drops that sacred pity hath engender'd:124 And therefore sit you down in gentleness125-126. take upon command what help we have / That to your wanting may be minister'd: i.e., take at your will whatever we have that will give you help in your time of need.
125 And take upon command what help we have126 That to your wanting may be minister'd. ORLANDO
127. but forbear your food a little: i.e., just wait to eat for a little while.
127 Then but forbear your food a little while,128 Whiles, like a doe, I go to find my fawn129 And give it food. There is an old poor man,130 Who after me hath many a weary step131. till he be first sufficed: until he be given what he needs. 132. weak: enfeebling.
131 Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed,132 Oppress'd with two weak evils, age and hunger,133 I will not touch a bit. DUKE SENIOR
133 Go find him out,134. waste: consume.
134 And we will nothing waste till you return. ORLANDO
135 I thank ye; and be blest for your good comfort!
[Exit Orlando.]
DUKE SENIOR
136. unhappy: unfortunate.
136 Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy:137 This wide and universal theatre138 Presents more woeful pageants than the scene139 Wherein we play in. JAQUES
139 All the world's a stage,140 And all the men and women merely players:141 They have their exits and their entrances;142 And one man in his time plays many parts,143 His acts being seven ages. At first the infant,144. Mewling: crying weakly.
144 Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms.145 And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel146 And shining morning face, creeping like snail147 Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,148. Sighing like furnace: i.e., emitting sighs as a furnace emits smoke.
148 Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad149 Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier,150 Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard,151 Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel,152 Seeking the bubble reputation153 Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice,154. fair . . . capon lined. Capons are male chickens castrated when young to make them especially fat and tasty. Capons were also used to bribe judges. 156. Full of wise saws and modern instances: maxims, [trite] sayings. . .
154 In fair round belly with good capon lined,155 With eyes severe and beard of formal cut,156 Full of wise saws and modern instances;157 And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts158. pantaloon: foolish old man.
158 Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon,159 With spectacles on nose and pouch on side,160 His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide161 For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice,162 Turning again toward childish treble, pipes163. his: its.
163 And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,164. strange eventful history: Jaques is being extremely sarcastic. A genuine "strange eventful history" . . . 165. mere: utter.
164 That ends this strange eventful history,165 Is second childishness and mere oblivion,166 Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.
Enter ORLANDO, with ADAM.
DUKE SENIOR
167 Welcome. Set down your venerable burden,168 And let him feed. ORLANDO
169 I thank you most for him. ADAM
169 So had you need:170 I scarce can speak to thank you for myself. DUKE SENIOR
171 Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you172. your fortunes: i.e., your story. The Duke is wondering how a gentleman such as Orlando came to be wandering in the forest.
172 As yet, to question you about your fortunes.173 Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing.Song.
[AMIENS]
174 Blow, blow, thou winter wind.175 Thou art not so unkind176 As man's ingratitude;177 Thy tooth is not so keen,178 Because thou art not seen,179 Although thy breath be rude.180 Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly:181 Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly:182 Then, heigh-ho, the holly!183 This life is most jolly.184 Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky,185 That dost not bite so nigh186 As benefits forgot:187. warp: freeze, buckle.
187 Though thou the waters warp,188 Thy sting is not so sharp189 As friend remember'd not.190 Heigh-ho! sing, etc. DUKE SENIOR
191 If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son,192. faithfully: sincerely.
192 As you have whisper'd faithfully you were,193. effigies: likenesses.
193 And as mine eye doth his effigies witness194. limn'd: sketched, portrayed.
194 Most truly limn'd and living in your face,195 Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke196. the residue of your fortune: i.e., the rest of your story.
196 That loved your father: the residue of your fortune,197 Go to my cave and tell me. Good old man,198 Thou art right welcome as thy master is.199 Support him by the arm. Give me your hand,200 And let me all your fortunes understand.
Exeunt.